Conditionals
Conditional type | Usages | Forms | Examples | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
IF CLAUSE | MAIN CLAUSE | |||
Zero conditional | Used to talk about the general truths/ things that are always true | Present simple | Present simple | - If you heat ice, it melts. - If it rains, everything gets wet. - Your heart beats faster if you’re worried. |
First conditional | Used to talk about real or possible situations | Present simple | WILL + Verb-bare | -If I win the game, I’ll get some prizes. - She’ll get bad score if she doesn’t study hard. - If the weather is nice tomorrow, we’ll go camping. |
Second conditional | Used to talk about unreal or impossible situations at present | Past simple | WOULD + Verb-bare | -If I met him yesterday, I would tell him the truth. - I would pass the exam if I studied hard. - If Sally drove more carefully, she wouldn’t have any accident. |
Third conditional | Used to talk about unreal or impossible situations in the past | Past perfect | WOULD HAVE + Past participle | -If Jane had known the truth, she would have been very shocked. - I would have won the competition if I had tried harder. - If I had finished homework earlier, I would have gone to the movies. |
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